Horizontal visible iris diameter when measured by a reliable instrument like Orbscan can provide a good measurement scale for facial measurements. Having a millimetre ruler within the frame of the photograph can provide measurement scale but is not always practical. In this study, therefore, we aimed to determine the intra- and interobserver variability of periorbital biometric measurements when measured using ImageJ software.Īnother difficulty while performing objective periorbital and facial measurements is the lack of a reliable measurement scale. Although ImageJ provides an objective measure of periorbital biometry, its inter- and intraobserver variability in the measurement of clinically significant periorbital parameters is not known. ImageJ has been used for periorbital and facial measurements. It has been successfully used as a measurement tool in various subspecialties of medicine. ImageJ software is a reliable measurement tool available from the National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA ( ). The digital photographs can also be further analysed using various software programs. It provides standard illumination and working distance, allows for masking of observers, and permits rapid transfer of images between institutions, thus facilitating data storage and archiving. The photographic technique has several potential advantages. In an attempt to improvise on the clinical measurement technique, several digital photographic techniques have applied facial and periorbital measurements. When performing clinical trials with utmost scientific rigor, a more objective and reproducible method is desirable. Moreover, clinical measurements are limited only to linear measurements and more complex parameters such as area and volume cannot be measured. Clinical measurement techniques, though simple and practical for day-to-day patient care, do have limitations such as observer variables, parallax, variable illumination and patient movement. have reported ‘modest and clinically acceptable’ inter- and intraobserver variability of eyelid measurements using this technique in patients with various clinical conditions. Clinical biometric measurements are most commonly obtained using a millimetre ruler, with the examiner sitting at the eye level of the patient. Accurate orbitofacial biometric measurements are of vital importance to the ophthalmic and facial plastic surgeon in the management, surgical planning and evaluation of outcomes.
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